Implement an LRU cache with serialization and evolving constraints.

Focus on designing a Least Recently Used (LRU) cache that can efficiently store and retrieve data while also handling serialization for persistence. Start by outlining the core data structures you would use, such as a hash map for quick access and a doubly linked list for maintaining the order of usage. Discuss how you would implement the serialization process, ensuring that the cache state can be saved and restored effectively. Address the evolving constraints by considering how the cache should adapt to changes in size limits or data types, and be prepared to explain your choices regarding complexity and performance trade-offs.